- Introduction
- Getting Started
- Creating an Account in Hevo
- Connection Options
- Familiarizing with the UI
- Creating your First Pipeline
- Data Loss Prevention and Recovery
- Data Ingestion
- Data Loading
- Loading Data in a Database Destination
- Loading Data to a Data Warehouse
- Optimizing Data Loading for a Destination Warehouse
- Manually Triggering the Loading of Events
- Scheduling Data Load for a Destination
- Loading Events in Batches
- Data Loading Statuses
- Data Spike Alerts
- Name Sanitization
- Table and Column Name Compression
- Parsing Nested JSON Fields in Events
- Pipelines
- Data Flow in a Pipeline
- Familiarizing with the Pipelines UI
- Working with Pipelines
- Managing Objects in Pipelines
-
Transformations
-
Python Code-Based Transformations
- Supported Python Modules and Functions
-
Transformation Methods in the Event Class
- Create an Event
- Retrieve the Event Name
- Rename an Event
- Retrieve the Properties of an Event
- Modify the Properties for an Event
- Fetch the Primary Keys of an Event
- Modify the Primary Keys of an Event
- Fetch the Data Type of a Field
- Check if the Field is a String
- Check if the Field is a Number
- Check if the Field is Boolean
- Check if the Field is a Date
- Check if the Field is a Time Value
- Check if the Field is a Timestamp
-
TimeUtils
- Convert Date String to Required Format
- Convert Date to Required Format
- Convert Datetime String to Required Format
- Convert Epoch Time to a Date
- Convert Epoch Time to a Datetime
- Convert Epoch to Required Format
- Convert Epoch to a Time
- Get Time Difference
- Parse Date String to Date
- Parse Date String to Datetime Format
- Parse Date String to Time
- Utils
- Examples of Python Code-based Transformations
-
Drag and Drop Transformations
- Special Keywords
-
Transformation Blocks and Properties
- Add a Field
- Change Datetime Field Values
- Change Field Values
- Drop Events
- Drop Fields
- Find & Replace
- Flatten JSON
- Format Date to String
- Format Number to String
- Hash Fields
- If-Else
- Mask Fields
- Modify Text Casing
- Parse Date from String
- Parse JSON from String
- Parse Number from String
- Rename Events
- Rename Fields
- Round-off Decimal Fields
- Split Fields
- Examples of Drag and Drop Transformations
- Effect of Transformations on the Destination Table Structure
- Transformation Reference
- Transformation FAQs
-
Python Code-Based Transformations
-
Schema Mapper
- Using Schema Mapper
- Mapping Statuses
- Auto Mapping Event Types
- Manually Mapping Event Types
- Modifying Schema Mapping for Event Types
- Schema Mapper Actions
- Fixing Unmapped Fields
- Resolving Incompatible Schema Mappings
- Resizing String Columns in the Destination
- Schema Mapper Compatibility Table
- Limits on the Number of Destination Columns
- File Log
- Troubleshooting Failed Events in a Pipeline
- Mismatch in Events Count in Source and Destination
- Activity Log
-
Pipeline FAQs
- Can multiple Sources connect to one Destination?
- What happens if I re-create a deleted Pipeline?
- Why is there a delay in my Pipeline?
- Can I change the Destination post-Pipeline creation?
- Why is my billable Events high with Delta Timestamp mode?
- Can I drop multiple Destination tables in a Pipeline at once?
- How does Run Now affect scheduled ingestion frequency?
- Will pausing some objects increase the ingestion speed?
- Can I see the historical load progress?
- Why is my Historical Load Progress still at 0%?
- Why is historical data not getting ingested?
- How do I set a field as a primary key?
- How do I ensure that records are loaded only once?
- Events Usage
- Sources
- Free Sources
-
Databases and File Systems
- Data Warehouses
-
Databases
- Connecting to a Local Database
- Amazon DocumentDB
- Amazon DynamoDB
- Elasticsearch
-
MongoDB
- Generic MongoDB
- MongoDB Atlas
- Support for Multiple Data Types for the _id Field
- Example - Merge Collections Feature
-
Troubleshooting MongoDB
-
Errors During Pipeline Creation
- Error 1001 - Incorrect credentials
- Error 1005 - Connection timeout
- Error 1006 - Invalid database hostname
- Error 1007 - SSH connection failed
- Error 1008 - Database unreachable
- Error 1011 - Insufficient access
- Error 1028 - Primary/Master host needed for OpLog
- Error 1029 - Version not supported for Change Streams
- SSL 1009 - SSL Connection Failure
- Troubleshooting MongoDB Change Streams Connection
- Troubleshooting MongoDB OpLog Connection
-
Errors During Pipeline Creation
- SQL Server
-
MySQL
- Amazon Aurora MySQL
- Amazon RDS MySQL
- Azure MySQL
- Google Cloud MySQL
- Generic MySQL
- MariaDB MySQL
-
Troubleshooting MySQL
-
Errors During Pipeline Creation
- Error 1003 - Connection to host failed
- Error 1006 - Connection to host failed
- Error 1007 - SSH connection failed
- Error 1011 - Access denied
- Error 1012 - Replication access denied
- Error 1017 - Connection to host failed
- Error 1026 - Failed to connect to database
- Error 1027 - Unsupported BinLog format
- Failed to determine binlog filename/position
- Schema 'xyz' is not tracked via bin logs
- Errors Post-Pipeline Creation
-
Errors During Pipeline Creation
- MySQL FAQs
- Oracle
-
PostgreSQL
- Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL
- Amazon RDS PostgreSQL
- Azure PostgreSQL
- Google Cloud PostgreSQL
- Generic PostgreSQL
- Heroku PostgreSQL
-
Troubleshooting PostgreSQL
-
Errors during Pipeline creation
- Error 1003 - Authentication failure
- Error 1006 - Connection settings errors
- Error 1011 - Access role issue for logical replication
- Error 1012 - Access role issue for logical replication
- Error 1014 - Database does not exist
- Error 1017 - Connection settings errors
- Error 1023 - No pg_hba.conf entry
- Error 1024 - Number of requested standby connections
- Errors Post-Pipeline Creation
-
Errors during Pipeline creation
- PostgreSQL FAQs
- Troubleshooting Database Sources
- File Storage
-
Engineering Analytics
- Apify
- Asana
- Buildkite
- GitHub
-
Streaming
- Android SDK
- Kafka
-
REST API
- Writing JSONPath Expressions
-
REST API FAQs
- Why does my REST API token keep changing?
- Can I use a bearer authorization token for authentication?
- Does Hevo’s REST API support API chaining?
- What is the maximum payload size returned by a REST API?
- How do I split an Event into multiple Event Types?
- How do I split multiple values in a key into separate Events?
- Webhook
- GitLab
- Jira Cloud
- Opsgenie
- PagerDuty
- Pingdom
- QuickBooks Time
- Trello
- Finance & Accounting Analytics
-
Marketing Analytics
- ActiveCampaign
- AdRoll
- Amazon Ads
- Apple Search Ads
- AppsFlyer
- CleverTap
- Criteo
- Drip
- Facebook Ads
- Facebook Page Insights
- Firebase Analytics
- Freshsales
- Google Ads
- Google Analytics
- Google Analytics 4
- Google Analytics 360
- Google Play Console
- Google Search Console
- HubSpot
- Instagram Business
- Klaviyo
- Lemlist
- LinkedIn Ads
- Mailchimp
- Mailshake
- Marketo
- Microsoft Ads
- Onfleet
- Outbrain
- Pardot
- Pinterest Ads
- Pipedrive
- Recharge
- Segment
- SendGrid Webhook
- SendGrid
- Salesforce Marketing Cloud
- Snapchat Ads
- SurveyMonkey
- Taboola
- TikTok Ads
- Twitter Ads
- Typeform
- YouTube Analytics
- Product Analytics
- Sales & Support Analytics
-
Source FAQs
- From how far back can the Pipeline ingest data?
- Can I connect to a Source not listed in Hevo?
- Can I connect a local database as a Source?
- How can I push data to Hevo API?
- How do I connect a CSV file as a Source?
- Why are my selected Source objects not visible in the Schema Mapper?
- How does the Merge Table feature work?
- Destinations
- Familiarizing with the Destinations UI
- Databases
-
Data Warehouses
- Amazon Redshift
- Azure Synapse Analytics
- Databricks
- Firebolt
- Google BigQuery
- Hevo Managed Google BigQuery
- Snowflake
-
Destination FAQs
- Can I move data between SaaS applications using Hevo?
- Can I change the primary key in my Destination table?
- How do I change the data type of table columns?
- Can I change the Destination table name after creating the Pipeline?
- How can I change or delete the Destination table prefix?
- How do I resolve duplicate records in the Destination table?
- How do I enable or disable deduplication of records?
- Why does my Destination have deleted Source records?
- How do I filter deleted Events from the Destination?
- Does a data load regenerate deleted Hevo metadata columns?
- Can I load data to a specific Destination table?
- How do I filter out specific fields before loading data?
- How do I sort the data in the Destination?
- Transform
- Alerts
- Account Management
- Personal Settings
- Team Settings
-
Billing
- Pricing Plans
- Time-based Events Buffer
- Setting up Pricing Plans, Billing, and Payments
- On-Demand Purchases
- Billing Alerts
- Viewing Billing History
- Billing Notifications
-
Billing FAQs
- Can I get a plan apart from the Starter plan?
- Are free trial Events charged once I purchase a plan?
- For how long can I stay on the Free plan?
- How can I upgrade my plan?
- Is there a discount for non-profit organizations?
- Can I seek a refund of my payment?
- Do ingested Events count towards billing?
- Will Pipeline get paused if I exceed the Events quota?
- Will the initial load of data be free?
- Does the Hevo plan support multiple Destinations?
- Do rows loaded through Models count in my usage?
- Is Hevo subscription environment-specific?
- Can I pause billing if I have no active Pipelines?
- Can you explain the pricing plans in Hevo?
- Where do I get invoices for payments?
- Account Suspension and Restoration
- Account Management FAQs
- Activate
- Glossary
- Release Notes
- Release Version 2.18
- Release Version 2.17
- Release Version 2.16
- Release Version 2.15
- Release Version 2.14
- Release Version 2.13
- Release Version 2.12
- Release Version 2.11
- Release Version 2.10
- Release Version 2.09
- Release Version 2.08
- Release Version 2.07
- Release Version 2.06
- Release Version 2.05
- Release Version 2.04
- Release Version 2.03
- Release Version 2.02
- Release Version 2.01
- Release Version 2.00
- Release Version 1.99
- Release Version 1.98
- Release Version 1.97
- Release Version 1.96
- Release Version 1.95
- Release Version 1.93 & 1.94
- Release Version 1.92
- Release Version 1.91
- Release Version 1.90
- Release Version 1.89
- Release Version 1.88
- Release Version 1.87
- Release Version 1.86
- Release Version 1.84 & 1.85
- Release Version 1.83
- Release Version 1.82
- Release Version 1.81
- Release Version 1.80 (Jan-24-2022)
- Release Version 1.79 (Jan-03-2022)
- Release Version 1.78 (Dec-20-2021)
- Release Version 1.77 (Dec-06-2021)
- Release Version 1.76 (Nov-22-2021)
- Release Version 1.75 (Nov-09-2021)
- Release Version 1.74 (Oct-25-2021)
- Release Version 1.73 (Oct-04-2021)
- Release Version 1.72 (Sep-20-2021)
- Release Version 1.71 (Sep-09-2021)
- Release Version 1.70 (Aug-23-2021)
- Release Version 1.69 (Aug-09-2021)
- Release Version 1.68 (Jul-26-2021)
- Release Version 1.67 (Jul-12-2021)
- Release Version 1.66 (Jun-28-2021)
- Release Version 1.65 (Jun-14-2021)
- Release Version 1.64 (Jun-01-2021)
- Release Version 1.63 (May-19-2021)
- Release Version 1.62 (May-05-2021)
- Release Version 1.61 (Apr-20-2021)
- Release Version 1.60 (Apr-06-2021)
- Release Version 1.59 (Mar-23-2021)
- Release Version 1.58 (Mar-09-2021)
- Release Version 1.57 (Feb-22-2021)
- Release Version 1.56 (Feb-09-2021)
- Release Version 1.55 (Jan-25-2021)
- Release Version 1.54 (Jan-12-2021)
- Release Version 1.53 (Dec-22-2020)
- Release Version 1.52 (Dec-03-2020)
- Release Version 1.51 (Nov-10-2020)
- Release Version 1.50 (Oct-19-2020)
- Release Version 1.49 (Sep-28-2020)
- Release Version 1.48 (Sep-01-2020)
- Release Version 1.47 (Aug-06-2020)
- Release Version 1.46 (Jul-21-2020)
- Release Version 1.45 (Jul-02-2020)
- Release Version 1.44 (Jun-11-2020)
- Release Version 1.43 (May-15-2020)
- Release Version 1.42 (Apr-30-2020)
- Release Version 1.41 (Apr-2020)
- Release Version 1.40 (Mar-2020)
- Release Version 1.39 (Feb-2020)
- Release Version 1.38 (Jan-2020)
- Upcoming Features
Configuring Fact and Dimension Tables
On This Page
Starting Release 2.17, Hevo has stopped supporting Firebolt as a Destination type. As a result, you will not be able to configure new Firebolt Destinations. Any existing Pipelines will continue to be supported. You can also create new Pipelines with your existing Firebolt Destination.
As a part of creating the tables in Firebolt, you must configure the following keys. These facilitate the efficient loading of data to your Firebolt database.
Primary Index
The Primary Index (PI) is applicable for both Fact and Dimension tables.
Firebolt tables are aimed to optimize speed and efficiency. To achieve this, the records in tables are sorted, compressed, and indexed. The sort order of the records is the PI defined on the table.
Note: You can sort by one or more fields.
A PI is different from the primary key (PK) used in traditional database design. Unlike a primary key, the primary index is not unique.
The primary index for:
-
Fact tables:
-
Should contain the fields that are most typically used to filter or group the records.
-
Need not be identical to the field/s by which data is partitioned at the Source.
-
-
Dimension tables:
- Should include the field/s that are used to join the Dimension table to the Fact table.
Partition Key
Partitions are smaller, physical parts of large tables created for data maintenance and performance. A Partition Key (PRK) and Partitions are only supported on Fact tables. A PRK is used to determine the partition of the table in which a record must be stored. Therefore, it cannot be composed of nullable columns.
You can choose to partition your Fact table in one of the following cases:
-
Delete or update data by key: In this case, the PRK should be the column by which you intend to perform update or delete operations.
For example, if you need to store one month’s data, set the partition key based on the
date
column, so you can drop partitions that are older than one month. -
Boost performance: If your Fact table is very large (contains more than 100 million rows), consider using partitions to prune the data for running the queries. Use the PRK as the main predicate in your
WHERE
clause, so that it prunes as much data as possible for each query.For example, if your main query’s predicate is the
product_type
column, set the partition key by this column.
In both cases, the recommendation is not to use long text columns as your partition key.
Nullable Column
Nullable column (NC) is applicable for both Fact and Dimension tables.
Nullable columns are columns that can have NULL
as a value.
Note: Nullable columns cannot be used in Firebolt indexes (Primary, Aggregating, or Join indexes).
See Also
Revision History
Refer to the following table for the list of key updates made to this page:
Date | Release | Description of Change |
---|---|---|
Sep-08-2021 | 1.71 | New document. |