Amazon Aurora MySQL

Last updated on Aug 22, 2023

Prerequisites
Create a Read Replica (Optional)
Set up MySQL Binary Logs for Replication
Whitelist Hevo’s IP Addresses
Create a Database User and Grant Privileges
- 1. Create a database user
- 2. Grant privileges to a user
Retrieve the Hostname and Port Number (Optional)
Specify Amazon Aurora MySQL Connection Settings
Object Settings
Source Considerations
Limitations
Revision History

Amazon Aurora is a drop-in replacement for MySQL that combines the performance and availability of traditional enterprise databases with the simplicity and cost-effectiveness of open source databases. Amazon Aurora is fully managed by Amazon Relational Database Service (RDS), which automates time-consuming administration tasks like hardware provisioning, database setup, patching, and backups.

You can ingest data from your Amazon Aurora MySQL database using Hevo Pipelines and replicate it to a Destination of your choice.

Getting Started

Setup

Prerequisites

The Amazon Aurora MySQL instance (not a localhost) is running.
The MySQL version is 5.5 or higher. You can choose the MySQL version while creating the instance.
If ingestion mode is BinLog:
- The database that you are connecting is a master instance. Amazon Aurora MySQL does not support BinLog replication on read replicas.
- Binary Log (BinLog) replication is enabled.
Hevo’s IP addresses are whitelisted.
SELECT and REPLICATION privileges are granted to the database user.
Database hostname and port number of the Source instance are available.
You are assigned the Team Administrator, Team Collaborator, or Pipeline Administrator role in Hevo to create the Pipeline.

Perform the following steps to configure your Amazon Aurora MySQL Source:

Create a Read Replica (Optional)

To use an existing read-replica or connect Hevo to your master database, skip to Set up MySQL Binary Logs for Replication section.

An Aurora database cluster with single-master replication has one primary database instance and up to 15 Aurora Replicas. To create a read-replica:

Open the Amazon RDS console.
In the left navigation pane, under Dashboard, click Databases (or Instances if you are using an older version).
In the Databases section on the right, click the DB identifier of the Aurora MySQL instance you want to replicate. For example, database-1, in the image below.

Note : The Role column denotes whether your Aurora MySQL is a Provisioned one Serverless. If you’re using a Serverless DB cluster, you can skip creating a replica.
In the Actions drop-down, click Add reader.
In the Settings panel, specify the following:
- DB instance identifier: The replica instance you are creating.
- Aurora replica source: The master or primary database instance being replicated.
Under Connectivity, Public access, select Publicly accessible to allow connection to the database instance via a public IP address, such as Hevo’s IP address.
Scroll down and click Add reader.

You can now see the Read Replica instance in the Databases page. Use this replica for any further steps and processes.

Set up MySQL Binary Logs for Replication

A binary log is a collection of log files that records information about data modifications and data object modifications made on a MySQL server instance. Typically binary logs are used for data replication and data recovery.

Hevo supports data ingestion for replication from MySQL servers via binary logs (BinLog). For this, binary logging must be enabled on your MySQL instance.

To enable binary logging for an Aurora DB cluster, follow these steps:

Open the Amazon RDS console.
In the left navigation pane, select Parameter groups.
Select the instance with Type as DB cluster parameter group.

Note: If you are using the default Aurora DB cluster parameter group, then create a new DB cluster parameter group with Type as DB cluster parameter group.
Click Edit Parameters.
Search for the parameter Name binlog_format, and activate binary log replication by setting the Values to ROW.
Click Save changes.
Reboot the database instance that you are using to connect to Hevo, to apply the above changes.

To do this:
1. In the left navigation pane, under Dashboard, click Databases.
2. In the Databases section on the right, click the DB identifier of the Aurora MySQL instance you are replicating.
3. In the Actions drop-down, click Reboot.
  
  Note: If you reboot a database instance with the Writer role in the DB cluster, all the remaining reader instances of that database in the cluster are rebooted as well.
4. In the Reboot DB Instance page, click Confirm to reboot your DB instance. The read replica requires a few minutes to be created, during which it shows the status as Creating. The status changes to Available when the replica is created.

This confirms that binary logging is now enabled for your Aurora MySQL instance.

Read BinLog to understand how database replication works in MySQL.

The replication reference guide on MySQL’s documentation portal provides a complete reference of the options available for replication and binary logging.

Whitelist Hevo’s IP Addresses

You need to whitelist the Hevo IP address for your region to enable Hevo to connect to your Amazon Aurora MySQL database. To do this:

Open the Amazon RDS console.
In the left navigation pane, click Databases (or Instances if you’re using an older version)
In the Databases section on the right, click the DB identifier of the Amazon Aurora instance to configure a security group on.
In the Connectivity & security tab, click the link text under Security, VPC security groups.
In the Actions drop-down on the top right, select Edit inbound rules.
In the Edit inbound rules page:
1. Click Add rule.
2. Add a new rule with Hevo’s IP address for your region to give access to the Amazon Aurora MySQL instance.
3. Click Save rules.

Create a Database User and Grant Privileges

1. Create a database user

Log into your Amazon Aurora MySQL database instance as a root user.
Open your Amazon Aurora MySQL database in your SQL client tool and enter the following command:
```
CREATE USER 'hevo'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '<password>';
```
Note: Replace password above with a password of your choice.

2. Grant privileges to a user

Perform the following steps to grant SELECT and REPLICATION privileges to the database user:

Log into your Amazon Aurora MySQL database instance as a user with Grant privilege.
Enter the following commands to access your database:
```
GRANT SELECT ON <database-name>.* TO <username>;
   
GRANT REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO <username>;
```
Note: Replace the placeholder values in the commands above with your own. For example, replace <username> with hevo.
Grant privileges to the database user to read BinLog settings if Pipeline mode is Binlog:
```
GRANT EXECUTE ON PROCEDURE mysql.rds_show_configuration TO '<username>'@'<hostname>';
```

Retrieve the Hostname and Port Number (Optional)

Note: The Amazon Aurora MySQL hostnames start with your database name and end with rds.amazonaws.com.

For example:
Host: mysql-rds-replica-1.xxxxxxxxx.rds.amazonaws.com
Port: 3306

In the left navigation pane of the Amazon RDS console, click Databases (or Instances if you are using an older version).
In the Databases section on the right, click the DB identifier of the Amazon Aurora MySQL instance.
Click the Connectivity & security tab, and copy the values under Endpoint and Port as the hostname and port number. You will specify these while creating your Hevo Pipeline.

Specify Amazon Aurora MySQL Connection Settings

In the Configure your Amazon Aurora MySQL Source page, specify the following:

Aurora MySQL settings

Pipeline Name: A unique name for your Pipeline, not exceeding 255 characters.

Database Host: The MySQL host’s IP address or DNS.

The following table lists a few examples of MySQL hosts:

Variant	Host
Amazon RDS MySQL	mysql-rds-1.xxxxx.rds.amazonaws.com
Azure MySQL	mysql.database.windows.net
Generic MySQL	10.123.10.001 or mysql-replica.westeros.inc
Google Cloud MySQL	35.220.150.0

Note: For URL-based hostnames, exclude the http:// or https:// part. For example, if the hostname URL is http://mysql-replica.westeros.inc, enter mysql-replica.westeros.inc.

Database Port: The port on which your MySQL server is listening for connections. Default value: 3306.
Database User: The authenticated user who has the permissions to read tables in your database.
Database Password: The password for the database user.
Select an Ingestion Mode: The desired mode by which you want to ingest data from the Source. You can expand this section by clicking SEE MORE to view the list of ingestion modes to choose from. Default value: Bin Log. The available Ingestion Modes are Binlog, Table, and Custom SQL.

For ingestion mode as Table, read Object Settings for steps to configure the objects to be replicated.

Note: For Custom SQL ingestion mode, all Events loaded to the Destination are billable.
Database Name: The database you want to load data from if the Pipeline mode is Table or Custom SQL.
Connection Settings
- Connect through SSH: Enable this option to connect to Hevo using an SSH tunnel, instead of directly connecting your MySQL database host to Hevo. This provides an additional level of security to your database by not exposing your MySQL setup to the public. Read Connecting Through SSH.
  
  If this option is disabled, you must whitelist Hevo’s IP addresses. Refer to the content for your MySQL variant for steps to do this.
- Use SSL: Enable it to use SSL encrypted connection. To enable this, specify the following:
  - CA File: The file containing the SSL server certificate authority (CA).
  - Client Certificate: The client public key certificate file.
  - Client Key: The client private key file.
Advanced Settings
- Load All Databases: Applicable for Pipelines with BinLog mode. If this option is enabled, Hevo loads the data from all databases on the selected host. Else, specify a comma-separated list of Database Names you want to load data from.
- Load Historical Data: Applicable for Pipelines with BinLog mode. If this option is enabled, the entire table data is fetched during the first run of the Pipeline. If disabled, Hevo loads only the data that was written in your database after the time of creation of the Pipeline.
- Merge Tables: Applicable for Pipelines with BinLog mode. If this option is enabled, Hevo merges tables with the same name from different databases while loading the data to the warehouse. Hevo loads the Database Name field with each record. If disabled, the database name is prefixed to each table name. Read How does the Merge Tables feature work?.
- Include New Tables in the Pipeline: Applicable for all Ingestion modes except Custom SQL.
  
  If enabled, Hevo automatically ingests data from tables created in the Source after the Pipeline has been built. These may include completely new tables or previously deleted tables that have been re-created in the Source.
  
  If disabled, new and re-created tables are not ingested automatically. They are added in SKIPPED state in the objects list, in the Pipeline Overview page. You can update their status to INCLUDED to ingest data. You can include these objects post-Pipeline creation to ingest data.
  
  You can change this setting later.

Click TEST CONNECTION. This button is enabled once you specify all the mandatory fields. Hevo’s underlying connectivity checker validates the connection settings you provide.
Click TEST & CONTINUE to proceed for setting up the Destination. This button is enabled once you specify all the mandatory fields.

Object Settings

Object settings must be configured if the Ingestion mode is Table.

To do this:

Once your respective Source connection settings are specified above, select the objects to be replicated in the Select the Objects you want to replicate page, and then click CONTINUE.

Note: Each object represents a table in your database.
In the CONFIGURE SOURCE OBJECTS page, specify the query mode to be used for each selected object.

Additional Information

Read the detailed Hevo documentation for the following related topics:

Source Considerations

MySQL does not generate log entries for cascading deletes. So, Hevo cannot capture these deletes for log-based Pipelines.

Limitations

Hevo only fetches tables from the MySQL database. It does not fetch other entities such as functions, stored procedures, views, and triggers.

To fetch views, you can create individual Pipelines in Custom SQL mode. However, some limitations may arise based on the type of data synchronization, the query mode, or the number of Events. Contact Hevo Support for more details.

Revision History

Refer to the following table for the list of key updates made to this page:

Date	Release	Description of Change
Jul-25-2023	NA	Updated section, Create a Database User and Grant Privileges for more clarity.
Jun-26-2023	NA	Added section, Source Considerations.
Apr-21-2023	NA	Updated section, Specify Amazon Aurora MySQL Connection Settings to add a note to inform users that all loaded Events are billable for Custom SQL mode-based Pipelines.
Mar-09-2023	2.09	Updated section, Specify Amazon Aurora MySQL Connection Settings to mention about SEE MORE in the Select an Ingestion Mode section.
Dec-19-2022	2.04	Updated section, Specify Amazon Aurora MySQL Connection Settings to add information that you must specify all fields to create a Pipeline.
Dec-07-2022	2.03	Updated section, Specify Amazon Aurora MySQL Connection Settings to mention about including skipped objects post-Pipeline creation.
Dec-07-2022	2.03	Updated section, Specify Amazon Aurora MySQL Connection Settings to mention about the connectivity checker.
Oct-14-2022	NA	- Updated section, Set up MySQL Binary Logs for Replication to add information about steps for setting up the binary logs for replication. - Removed section, Source Considerations.
Oct-13-2022	1.99	Updated section, Specify Amazon Aurora MySQL Connection Settings to reflect the latest UI changes.
Apr-25-2022	NA	- Added section, Source Considerations. - Added a prerequisite for connecting to a master database if BinLog replication is required.
Apr-21-2022	1.86	Updated section, Specify Amazon Aurora MySQL Connection Settings.
Feb-07-2022	1.81	Updated section, Whitelist Hevo’s IP Address to remove details about Outbound rules as they are not required.
Jan-03-2022	1.79	Updated the description of the Include New Tables in the Pipeline advance setting in the Specify Amazon Aurora MySQL Connection Settings section.
Aug-09-2021	NA	Added a note in Step 3 of section, Create a Database User and Grant Privileges section.
Jul-26-2021	1.68	Added a note for the Database Host field.
Jul-12-2021	NA	Added section, Specify Amazon Aurora MySQL Connection Settings.